Today, we are thrilled to announce that Gemini will expand its Greater Seattle Area presence in 2023, with plans to increase the number of employees based in our Bellevue downtown office from 28 to over 125. There are currently 100+ [open roles](https://www.gemini.com/careers) in the region spanning product and engineering. 

“The Pacific Northwest has long been established as a home base for best-in-class innovative tech companies, and we are inspired by the opportunity to tap into talent in the region. Gemini is a destination for top talent that wants to build the future of digital assets and web3,” said Cameron Winklevoss, President of Gemini. 

Our Seattle expansion comes as a number of senior leaders in the area have joined Gemini over the past year, including [Pravjit Tiwana](https://www.gemini.com/blog/we-welcome-pravjit-tiwana-as-our-chief-technology-officer) as Chief Technology Officer, [Jorge Vasquez](https://www.linkedin.com/in/jorgevasquez/) as VP of Engineering, and [Ajay Jaganathan](https://www.linkedin.com/in/jagannathanajay/) as VP of Talent & People Operations. 

We founded Gemini in 2014 to create a simple, reliable, and elegant way for individuals and institutions to buy [bitcoin](https://www.gemini.com/prices/bitcoin). Over the past eight years our platform has grown to encompass web3 products, including [Nifty Gateway](https://www.gemini.com/nifty-gateway) — the world’s premiere NFT marketplace, the [Gemini Credit Card](https://www.gemini.com/credit-card)1 — which provides real-time crypto rewards every time you swipe2, [Gemini Staking](https://www.gemini.com/staking), and the [Gemini dollar](https://www.gemini.com/dollar) stablecoin. 

We continue to invest heavily in building scalable infrastructure for web3, including modernizing archaic banking systems in the fields of know-your-customer (KYC), identity, fraud, analytics, security, and payments. We are also building a variety of new pragmatic web3 and Neobanking products that we will launch in 2023.

Our expansion in Seattle is another decisive step on our mission to unlock the next era of financial, creative and personal freedom. If you are interested in joining our mission, please contact us at [careers@gemini.com](mailto:careers@gemini.com)! 

Onward and Upward!

Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss

1 A Gemini Mastercard® issued by WebBank. 
2 Some exclusions apply in which rewards are deposited when the transaction posts. Subject to [Rewards Program Terms](https://www.gemini.com/legal/credit-card-rewards-agreement#section-welcome-to-the-gemini-credit-card-crypto-rewards-program-the-rewards-program).

Gemini Announces Seattle Area Expansion Plans for 2023

Since launching regulated and secure BTC trading in 2015, Gemini has been a passionate supporter of Bitcoin and the blockchain ecosystem. Importantly, we’ve provided grants and sponsorships [through the Gemini Opportunity Fund](https://www.gemini.com/blog/gemini-opportunity-fund-investing-in-the-future-of-bitcoin) to various groups supporting the Bitcoin Network, including Bitcoin Developers. 

In May, [we announced the launch of Superlunar](https://www.gemini.com/blog/introducing-superlunar-exploring-the-future-of-web3), a multi-disciplinary web3 research and design studio. Overseeing the Gemini Opportunity Fund, [Superlunar](https://www.superlunar.com/) has continued to sponsor Bitcoin Developers, and has expanded sponsorships over the past months. 

__Superlunar now sponsors nine full-time Bitcoin Developers on year-long contracts across North America, Africa, Asia, and Europe__, supporting the continued sustainability, scalability, and security of the Bitcoin Network. We are thrilled about the work they are doing, and are excited to highlight their projects in this blog!

## Sponsoring the Future of Bitcoin

__Dhruv Mehta__ — we’ve been sponsoring Dhruv’s work on Bitcoin Core since early 2021. His work focuses on the security of Bitcoin Network nodes, with a specific interest in BIP324, which proposes an updated P2P protocol for the Bitcoin Network. [Read more about Dhruv’s journey here](https://www.superlunar.com/post/raising-the-free-and-rebellious-with-dhruv-mehta), and [learn about his work on BIP324 here](https://bip324.com/). 

__Jarol Rodriguez__ — like Dhruv, Jarol has been sponsored by the Gemini Opportunity Fund since early 2021. His focus has been on building out a more intuitive Bitcoin Core Graphical User Interface (GUI), which is based on the QT Modeling Language (QML). [Read more about Jarol’s path to becoming a Bitcoin Core Dev here](https://www.superlunar.com/post/beautifying-bitcoin-with-jarol-rodriguez). 

__Amiti Uttarwar__ — Amiti was [previously sponsored by Gemini Opportunity Fund](https://www.gemini.com/blog/gemini-to-sponsor-bitcoin-core-developer-amiti-uttarwar) and will resume her work with us this November. She plans to continue work on the P2P network, with a focus on security and privacy. She is also passionate about helping others with their Bitcoin journeys, especially bringing more diversity into the ecosystem. 

__Collin Rukundo__ — Collin has been focused on the usability of the Bitcoin Network, building the EttaWallet, which aims to improve accessibility and the user experience, particularly for users in Africa who are encountering Bitcoin for the first time and may be mobile-first users. As a Ugandan activist, Collin is also passionate about privacy and custody, ensuring that users keep their funds safe when interacting with the Bitcoin Network. [Read more about Collin’s journey to becoming a Bitcoin Core Developer here](https://www.superlunar.com/post/bringing-bitcoin-to-uganda), and [learn about Qala here](https://www.superlunar.com/post/africas-new-generation-of-bitcoin-developers), a program of which he is an alumni. 

__Duncan Dean__ — with a focus on decentralization and resilience, Duncan has been working on enabling "asmap" in Bitcoin Core by default, ensuring the continued security of the Bitcoin Network by diversifying the peers with which Bitcoin miners share connections. He has also worked on the Lightning Developer Kit (LDK), building tools and libraries that facilitate the integration of Lightning into any Bitcoin wallet. [Read more about Duncan’s experience and journey to becoming a Bitcoin Core Dev here](https://www.superlunar.com/post/freely-trade-at-any-age). 

__Josie__ — Josie is currently curating data sets and assisting with data analysis for research related to the Bitcoin Mempool as well as diving into a statistical analysis of Bitcoin transactions and fees. He also plans to focus on Cross Input Signature Aggregation as a soft-fork for Bitcoin. Josie is passionate about mentorship and dedicating time to reviewing and testing open PRs in Core.

__Ruben Somsen__ — working closely with other Bitcoin Developers, Ruben has honed his work on spacechains, which seek to improve the Bitcoin ecosystem by using a permissionless method to create trustless blockchains. [Read more about Ruben’s experience becoming a Bitcoin Developer here](https://www.superlunar.com/post/creating-new-chains-for-bitcoin). 

__Shashwat Vangani__ — an alumni of the [Summer of Bitcoin initiative](https://www.superlunar.com/post/superlunar-is-proud-to-sponsor-summer-of-bitcoin-2022), Shashwat has a unique interest in the Bitcoin Core GUI and helping in its development. Recently, he implemented its onboarding view and is now focused on implementing a Bitcoin block clock for the new version of the GUI. 

__Stratospher__ — also an alumni of Summer of Bitcoin, Stratospher is focused on implementing the cryptography for BIP324’s integration testing framework, and has written illustrated blog posts about techniques to securely transmit public keys.

We are grateful for the work the Bitcoin Developers sponsored by Superlunar have accomplished, and we are dedicated to furthering our support for the Bitcoin community as we continue on our mission to unlock the next era of financial, creative, and personal freedom.

Onward and Upward!

Team Gemini

Gemini’s Superlunar Expands Support for Bitcoin Developers With Sponsorships Across Four Continents

DevOps — a portmanteau of “development” and “operations” — is a software development philosophy that advocates for certain __cultural norms__, __technical practices__, and __architecture choices__ to drive the performance of software development. Highly evolved DevOps cultures are able to ship software *__faster__* and *__more reliably__*. While the DevOps methodology has been understood for over a decade, applying it to a highly regulated space in a compliant way is a novel challenge. 

In order to achieve the unlock of DevOps, engineers must be able to build self-sufficiently and independently. This requires providing them with end-to-end ownership of service creation, development, deployment, and operations. The journey to DevOps maturity, however, is loaded with obstacles, both culturally and technically. 

In this post, we explore the evolution of our DevOps transformation and outline the decisive impact it has had thus far on our engineering teams and ultimately our customers.

__Our Transformation__ 

A year ago, Gemini, like many startups, had a rather monolithic system architecture with a traditional operating model. This included typical roles and teams covering Engineering, Q&A, Infrastructure, and Operations, leading to many interdepartmental handoffs, long release cycles, and slow change and innovation velocity. 

Since then, we’ve taken various steps as an engineering organization to streamline our processes across departments and implement a DevOps philosophy, ultimately increasing our deployments by more than 8x without losing our focus on security and compliance.

Here’s how it's going.
![Blog Inline devops](//images.ctfassets.net/jg6lo9a2ukvr/4XOtKLhEed58E3t02teA7T/7b54b0f5d39a5bddb7c1eb203d2c5a12/Blog_Inline_devops.png)

__Changing Mindset__

Early on, we realized that the key to providing a truly enjoyable customer experience was rapid iteration and experimentation in our products and our underlying platform to enable a higher frequency of innovation.

In August 2021, we rechartered our Infrastructure team as our Platform team and seeded it with a blend of engineers from various industry backgrounds who had expertise in fostering a DevOps culture and building cloud-native infrastructure.

Our Platform team oversees a host of products that include tooling, services, and abstractions, which allow our engineering teams to be self-sufficient, while operating in a compliant, secure, and safe environment. 

We took a 4-pronged approach to implement this new way of thinking:

1. __Decouple__ monolithic deployments into sub-component deployments
2. __Automate__ deployments and enable a self-service “gitops”-based release process (gDeploy)
3. __Build__ out a next-generation Kubernetes-based continuous integration/continuous delivery and deployment (CI/CD) platform
4. __Build__ out a engineering-focused observability/telemetry system

Our Platform team is implementing this new approach within our engineering teams and also providing the guidance and thought leadership to drive the cultural aspect of DevOps across Gemini as a whole.

__Our Transformation is Starting to Pay Off__

Full automation and self-service are important principles of DevOps. Since implementing them, we have seen extraordinary results:

- We’ve automated manual deployment tasks allowing different sub-components to be deployed independently and safely 
- We’ve increased our release velocity by __over 8x__ compared to our pre-DevOps days 

We made these improvements to our software development process by launching __gDeploy__, which is a __Golang__ command line interface (__CLI__) that integrates __GitHub__, __Concourse__, and __Ansible__ using artifacts built by __Jenkins__ and distributing them across our virtual machine-based fleet.

__Aerospike*__, our next generation development platform, will bring our DevOps transformation to the next level by truly delivering on our goal of instilling a __“you build it, you run it”__ culture. Aerospike is now reaching maturity, and while still in beta, we have already seen a significant increase in release and experimentation velocity for the services that currently leverage it. 

Aerospike employs a modern infrastructure approach by unifying three main services:

1. Broad CI/CD capabilities 
2. A modern Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) based compute infrastructure 
3. A well-integrated observability/telemetry solution

We are one year into our DevOps journey. The first six months were about planning and laying the foundation. During the last six months, we have started reaping the benefits, achieving close to a 10x increase in our deployment velocity.

With this continuous integration, delivery, and validation approach, we have proven that we can build an operation model founded in DevOps principles that is secure and compliant. Next stop? ... 1,000 deploys per month and beyond!

Onward and Upward!

Nils Pommerien  
VP of Platform

*__On Aerospike Engines__

*The aerospike engine is a type of rocket engine that maintains its aerodynamic efficiency across a wide range of altitudes. Aerospikes are the baseline engines for many single-stage-to-orbit (SSTO) designs and were also a strong contender for the Space Shuttle main engine.*

*The aerospike engine aligns with the goals we are trying to pursue. Reaching escape velocity with a single engine without complicated stage separations and various propulsion systems — the equivalent of expensive handoffs and gates in our previous software development life cycle (SDLC) — is exactly what we are striving for with our DevOps transformation.*

Gemini’s DevOps Transformation: Building a Culture of Full Automation and Self Service

Blockchain and crypto continue to challenge the way we think about money and the transfer of value in the digital age. At Gemini, we believe these new technologies will unlock a new era of financial, creative, and personal freedom, and we want to take you along for the ride. 

In line with that mission, we partnered with Mastercard and WebBank to build the [Gemini Credit Card](https://www.gemini.com/credit-card), bridging the gap between the familiar act of swiping a card and the promise of crypto. The extensive collaboration within Gemini, and with our partners, allowed us to create a one-of-a-kind card that unifies crypto with the traditional financial system.

__A Seamless Way to Introduce Crypto to All__

Even if your opinions about crypto aren’t fully formed, or you feel like you don’t know enough to jump in head-first, the Gemini Credit Card offers you the opportunity to seamlessly earn crypto on everyday purchases. 

We’ve already started [inviting waitlist members to apply for the Gemini Credit Card](https://www.gemini.com/blog/gemini-credit-card-now-available-to-waitlist-members),1 and it will be available to the general public in the near future. The card is available to eligible individuals in all 50 states and Washington D.C. Once approved, card holders can earn 3% crypto back on dining,2 2% crypto back on groceries, and 1% crypto back on all other purchases.

__The Four Stages of Developing the Gemini Credit Card__

We built the Gemini Credit Card with security and simplicity as our guiding principles. And, while security is always top-of-mind at Gemini, the process of ideating, engineering, and actually building the card was anything but simple. 

It took dozens of engineers, product managers, operations experts, and more to build a card that brings the world of credit cards to the future. 

- __Stage 1: Building a bridge to the world of crypto.__ In contrast to debit cards that allow customers to spend their own crypto, we wanted to create a simple and comfortable way to introduce customers to crypto without changing their day-to-day behavior. With that goal in mind, the Gemini Credit Card was born, allowing customers to spend fiat and receive crypto rewards. 
- __Stage 2: Collaborating with the right partners.__ Building a credit card from scratch, let alone a crypto credit card, requires multidisciplinary teams to work together with a shared vision. We are thrilled to have [partnered with Mastercard and WebBank](https://www.gemini.com/blog/gemini-credit-card-to-launch-with-mastercard-as-network-partner) to develop the Gemini Credit Card. 
- __Stage 3: Offering unique features and rewards.__ We set out to build the first credit card where customers can receive instant rewards in crypto the moment they use their card.3 Customers can choose to receive their rewards in 60+ cryptos available for the Gemini Credit Card, and can switch rewards at any time. 
- __Stage 4: Security-first design.__ At Gemini, trust is our product, and security is a central pillar in every product we build. The Gemini Credit Card reflects this mindset. We chose a high-quality stainless steel card and removed the card number from the card itself, instead providing users with access to all relevant information on the App. Beyond these security features, customers also benefit from Mastercard’s Zero Liability Protection and ID Theft Protection.

We are thrilled to bring the Gemini Credit Card to market and support the expansion of the crypto industry as we harness the promise of Web3. 

Onward and Upward!

Team Gemini

1 Issued by WebBank. A Gemini Mastercard®. 
2 Up to $6,000 in annual spend, then 1% back on everything else. 
3 [Some exclusions apply in which rewards are deposited when the transaction posts](https://www.gemini.com/legal/credit-card-rewards-agreement).

Earn up to 3% Crypto Back on Dining, 2% Crypto Back on Groceries, and 1% Crypto Back on All Other Purchases, with Rewards Automatically Deposited into your Gemini Account.

The Gemini Credit Card: Building a Credit Card for the Future | Gemini

The Gemini Credit Card: Building a Credit Card for the Future

At the beginning of the year, [we welcomed our new CTO](https://www.gemini.com/blog/we-welcome-pravjit-tiwana-as-our-chief-technology-officer), Pravjit Tiwana, who joined us from Amazon Web Services (AWS). Pravjit leads our Engineering, Product, and Information Security teams, with a vision of building customer-centric innovative products that harness the opportunities of Web3, the Metaverse, and decentralized finance. Earlier this month, we sat down with Pravjit to discuss his vision and strategy for enhancing Gemini’s suite of products, and his plans to continue to build a world-class engineering organization. 

In our conversation below, we covered topics such as Pravjit’s vision for the crypto industry, and why he believes that Gemini is particularly well-positioned to play a leading role in unlocking the next era of financial, creative, and personal freedom.

__After more than six years at AWS, what attracted you to the crypto industry?__

Every few years, we see a paradigm shift in technology — we saw this with the birth of the internet and with the evolution of Web2 and expansion of cloud computing. We are now entering the next pivotal moment, one toward a distributed internet. 

I was lucky to be part of the cloud computing journey that started in the early 2000s. The learnings and outcomes of that journey were transformational for me in understanding how the power of the cloud could enable the world to be more innovative and productive. 

Now, with Web3 and decentralized token-based economics, I see an opportunity to redefine the internet and aim for true economic freedom and flexibility. It’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to contribute to, influence, and most importantly, catalyze the next generation of how the online world will behave and operate. 

__And, why did you choose Gemini?__

I have always been drawn to opportunities that allow me to solve customer-centric complex technical challenges at scale while driving innovation that makes an impact, and the mission of Gemini aligns with my passion.

I feel reinvigorated to work with a dedicated team and build a decentralized and open financial system based on the blockchain, and believe in Tyler and Cameron’s vision for the company. They have given me a platform to build high-scale distributed systems, as well as the opportunity to scale architectures, products, processes, and people.

The overall culture at Gemini is super aligned to what I look for — it’s exciting to walk into work and see passion and drive from the team. I do believe Gemini to be a company which will not just be a strong contributor to Web3 but a catalyst to its innovation and growth in the coming years.

__Tyler and Cameron have talked about building the future of money, finance, and the Metaverse. What is your vision and strategy to help the company achieve this as we enter this next evolution of the internet?__ 

While we are still early days in Web3, decentralized finance, and the Metaverse, Gemini is one of the pioneers in this industry that will help our customers transition into a digital and decentralized future. To ensure Gemini continues to be an innovative leader in this space, I’m focused on the following key milestones:

- __Continue to build products which are simple, secure, scalable and delight the customer__, which is our ethos for developing any product, be it in Web2 or Web3. The core mission of crypto/Web3 companies is no different in the sense that we have to be customer-obsessed and build products that empower them and enhance their lives. Customer asks are at the core of any product development plan, and they are particularly so for next-generation, transformational technologies like crypto.
- __Build a world-class bar-raising engineering organization.__ As crypto and Web3 have gained momentum and robust investment, I believe the promise of a better decentralized internet will lead to increased talent migration from traditional technology companies, as curious and learning-driven talent will seek new opportunities to be part of this transformational wave. With the disruptive promise of Web3, we are potentially going to witness an impact that has parallels to the introduction of personal computing, cloud computing, and the internet itself. For me, and many others in the tech industry, the opportunity to be part of a seismic shift like this is impossible to ignore.
- __Relentless focus on making Gemini products operationally indistinguishable from perfect.__ I have always believed that all successful products have a strong foundation in service fundamentals of security, availability, and performance. These service fundamentals require intense focus on operational health, processes and rigor. Gemini is a technology company where not just product development, but operations, are led by engineers. Being operationally aware right from the get go of the product development, enables us to become more effective in the development of high-performance and scalable software. 

__For engineers specifically interested in joining your team, what are some specific qualifications or requirements you are looking for?__ 

Most of Gemini’s engineers are able to work across the software stack, not just on their own specialization or subteam. We welcome talent from all organizations, and not just the finance world, with a passion for this wave of innovation. I’m specifically looking for individuals who have a track record of strong delivery, strong sense of ownership coupled with a sense of urgency to build and ship products which touch the lives of millions of users across the world.   

Gemini is currently looking to hire bar-raising engineers to deliver value to our customers with speed and reliability in multiple areas including web, mobile, data, machine learning, infrastructure, security, and backend systems. If you are interested in joining Pravjit and the Gemini mission, please review our Engineering [openings on our careers page](https://gemini.com/careers).

Onward and Upward!

Team Gemini

Q&A: Gemini’s CTO Pravjit Tiwana on Building the Future of Web3

Today, we are excited to welcome Pravjit Tiwana as our Chief Technology Officer!

Pravjit joins us from Amazon Web Services (AWS), where he was the General Manager of Edge Services, which includes Amazon CloudFront, AWS Edge Computing, and AWS Data Transfer Operations. Prior to 6+ years at AWS, Pravjit held product and engineering leadership roles at Microsoft and Disney.

As our Chief Technology Officer (CTO), Pravjit will lead our engineering and product teams and draw upon his deep experience building world-class engineering cultures with a bias for action. He will help us scale and deliver value to our customers with speed and reliability — so that we can continue to __unlock the next era of financial, creative, and personal freedom__ with our simple, reliable, and secure products and services.

In Pravjit’s own words, he decided to join Gemini because “I want to help build Web3 and the decentralized Metaverse. The promise is as big as the Internet itself and Gemini is well-positioned to help build and catalyze that future.”

Welcome to the team, Pravjit!

If you are interested in joining Pravjit and the Gemini mission, please review our Engineering openings on our [careers page](https://gemini.com/careers) – we’re hiring!

Onward and Upward,

Tyler and Cameron Winklevoss

We Welcome Pravjit Tiwana as Our Chief Technology Officer 

We [launched Wrapped Filecoin (EFIL)](https://www.gemini.com/blog/gemini-launches-wrapped-filecoin-efil-building-a-bridge-to-defi) to provide Gemini users with a bridge to use Filecoin (FIL) across the ever-expanding DeFi ecosystem. Gemini users who hold FIL can convert their assets 1:1 into EFIL through the Gemini mobile app and website and seamlessly withdraw it to any Ethereum wallet.

At Gemini, we are dedicated to keeping your assets secure, and __we’ve implemented on-chain assurances throughout our EFIL minting process to establish confidence in the system__. The wrapping system we built employs an open-source smart contract to convert FIL into an ERC-20 token — EFIL. The smart contract mints and burns EFIL, and we transparently and trustlessly confirm the amount of available EFIL is equal to the amount of FIL held in Gemini Custody, our institutional-grade storage system.

To drive trust in our EFIL wrapping system, we provide on-chain proof of what the EFIL smart contract receives and generates. There are two main prongs to our approach: 

1. Integrating Chainlink’s well-established Proof of Reserve data feed, and 
2. using the hashing function SHA256, allowing anyone to track what happens in the EFIL smart contract. 

__Chainlink Proof of Reserve: Working With Trusted Oracle Infrastructure__

We are thrilled to collaborate with Chainlink to ensure the transparency of our EFIL wrapping system. By using the Chainlink Proof of Reserve (PoR) data feed, which is powered by a [Chainlink decentralized oracle network](https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/chainlink-oracle-what-is-chainlink-crypto), anyone can consistently check the balances of our FIL custody wallet. Should a deviation be spotted beyond a predefined threshold (e.g. 1%), Chainlink oracles will push an on-chain update to a specific reference contract that stores the EFIL reserve balance.

DeFi platforms can also call the Chainlink PoR reference contract for current EFIL reserves and compare it to the circulating supply of EFIL on Ethereum to immediately verify the collateralization of EFIL. If EFIL is found to be under-collateralized, DeFi platforms can incorporate customized logic for handling such situations. 

Our collaboration with Chainlink brings additional protection to DeFi users of EFIL, preventing situations like black swan events and fractional reserve practices.

__Ensuring Trust and Transparency__

By using Chainlink’s decentralized infrastructure, users interacting with EFIL can have confidence in __an accurate, highly available, tamper-resistant, and transparent source of information__ regarding current EFIL reserves. The result is a reliable form of collateral and payment throughout DeFi and other smart contract verticals on Ethereum. 

Beyond our collaboration with Chainlink, our engineers have built another level of transparency into the EFIL system by encoding on-chain the Filecoin content identifiers (CID) that correspond to each transaction using the SHA256 hashing function.
![Blog Inline - #EFIL 01](//images.ctfassets.net/jg6lo9a2ukvr/5zydPGX1xipRBrff7d4kyu/0390f214fd56c86b3028ef51f9a9d2db/Blog_Inline_-_-EFIL_01.jpg)
![Blog Inline - #EFIL 02](//images.ctfassets.net/jg6lo9a2ukvr/5lQMj3QtziNJFoP8iqbUcc/8b5e627f166d9c08bafa4094fde55811/Blog_Inline_-_-EFIL_02.jpg)

The above process shows that every transaction that increases or decreases the supply of EFIL on the Ethereum network can be tied to a corresponding transaction on the [Filecoin network](https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/filecoin-fil-democratizing-cloud-storage). We believe that for observers of both chains this approach provides further proof that EFIL always wraps and unwraps on both chains and no excess EFIL is minted or burned.

We are excited to provide FIL holders with a transparent pathway onto the Ethereum network as we continue to empower the individual through crypto.

Onward and Upward!

Team Gemini

Exploring Wrapped Filecoin (EFIL) and Chainlink Proof of Reserve

Today we are excited to announce the acquisition of Shard X, a leading developer of secure multi-party computation (MPC) cryptographic technology.

Gemini will integrate Shard X’s MPC technology into our distributed, multi-site key management and signing infrastructure, markedly increasing the speed with which we can transfer customer assets and provide support for new asset listings and usage on the Gemini platform.

Gemini has more than $30 billion of crypto assets under custody, serving a range of individual and institutional customers. The addition of Shard X’s MPC will work in concert with all other aspects of Gemini’s custody offering, which includes role-based governance protocols, multiple layers of biometric access controls, and physical security to safeguard the sensitive key material, safely stored in government-rated hardware security modules (HSMs), that controls customers’ assets. 

Shard X, which will become a part of Gemini’s UK affiliate, was founded in 2018 by Yaniv Neu-Ner, Nikita Lesnikov, and Navaho De Wet with the goal of making the crypto ecosystem more secure. Shard X’s MPC technology generates key fragments which are used in a  distributed signing protocol without ever reconstructing a full private key. The team has developed a portable MPC implementation that aims to run in high security environments, such as hardware security modules, ensuring the highest integrity and secure processing of private key fragments that protect digital assets.

The acquisition of Shard X is yet another step forward in providing our customers with the products and services they demand as we remain laser focused on our mission of empowering the individual through crypto.

Onward and Upward,

Tyler Winklevoss  
Chief Executive Officer

Gemini Enhances Speed and Scale of Asset Listings, Transfers, and Usage With Shard X Acquisition

This month marked the momentous launch of Ethereum 2.0 Phase 0. While the full implementation of Ethereum 2.0 (Eth2) will roll out in phases, we plan to support Eth2 trading and staking as soon as possible. 

Ethereum is an innovative blockchain that has pushed decentralized applications, including decentralized finance (DeFi), forward. We look forward to continuing to support the Ethereum community and new developments as Eth2 transitions and reaches its next milestone — so that we can provide all of our customers with the ability to access and earn from the latest developments in crypto.

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

Gemini to Support Ethereum 2.0 Trading and Staking

Gemini is in the process of developing a Wrapped Filecoin (wFIL) service so that Filecoin (FIL) can be used on the Ethereum network. 

We are looking to work with Ethereum developers interested in adding wFIL to their products, and platforms that would like to offer wFIL to their customers — __if you’re interested, we want to hear from you! __

This service will allow you to convert FIL in your Gemini account 1:1 into wFIL and withdraw it to any Ethereum address you specify. You will also be able to convert wFIL 1:1 into FIL in your Gemini account. All FIL will be held in our institutional grade storage system with full transparency so that you can always verify that the amount of FIL we hold is equal to the wFIL currently in circulation. 

[Filecoin](https://gemini.com/blog/upcoming-support-for-filecoin) is the native token of the Filecoin Network. You can use FIL to purchase storage space on, and retrieve your files (i.e., data) from, the Filecoin Network. Miners receive FIL for storing your files and verify their services via cryptographic proofs. This decentralized model offers a compelling alternative to existing centralized cloud storage offerings.

We welcome additional partners to the growing DeFi ecosystem. Please reach out to [sales@gemini.com](mailto:sales@gemini.com) if you want to join us and partner! 

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini


Gemini Is Working on a Wrapped Filecoin Service (wFIL) – Join Us

Today, we are thrilled to announce support for [OAuth 2.0](https://oauth.net/2/) on Gemini. Developers will now be able to easily integrate Gemini into their applications giving you, our customers, the ability to securely connect your Gemini account to third-party companies. Going forward, __you will now be able to buy, sell, store, and spend your crypto across an expanded range of products and services.__ 

OAuth 2.0 is a widely used authorization standard that allows you to securely grant specific access to your account on third-party platforms. In the case of Gemini, this means that you are able to give another company specific [types of access](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/#roles) to your account, whether that be for read-only access, placing trades, or executing fund transfers – all without sharing your private sign-in information. Our recently announced integrations with [TradingView](https://gemini.com/blog/litecoin-is-now-available-on-gemini), [Brave](https://brave.com/gemini/), and [Samsung](https://gemini.com/samsung) are examples of how you will have more ways than ever to interact with cryptocurrency through Gemini. 

For developers, all of [our APIs](https://docs.gemini.com/oauth/) are now able to support authentication via both API Key and OAuth 2.0 and you can now build applications on top of our full platform including our exchange, wallets, offline custody, and account structure. 

Please contact [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com) for development questions or to find out how you can integrate Gemini into your application today.

Our support for OAuth 2.0 is just another example of our efforts to bring you __simple, elegant, and secure crypto solutions__ to all aspects of your life. 

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini


Gemini’s OAuth 2.0 Support Opens the Door to Wider Crypto Usage

You asked, we listened! The Product and Design teams at Gemini are continually working to improve our customer experience. We strive to offer simple and intuitive products, while providing essential tools to manage crypto assets.

We’ve recently changed the overall look and feel of the Gemini Mobile App, while maintaining its simplicity and ease of use. This new sensibility keeps our user experience inviting, engaging, and consistent across our suite of consumer platforms.

__Gemini for Apple Watch and Android Wear__

![New Mobile App-watch](//images.ctfassets.net/jg6lo9a2ukvr/6KikxEWYLCL6ZfnWwzzyBE/d0eec48f1400db4701df17f04b0679a8/New_Mobile_App-watch.png)

We are proud to introduce Gemini for __Apple Watch__ and __Android Wear__. View the entire Gemini market at a glance, dive into specific markets for pricing data, and receive your market alerts directly on your watch. These new apps bring the Gemini experience and price discovery you love straight to your wrist. 

__Pricing Widget__

![New Mobile App-widget](//images.ctfassets.net/jg6lo9a2ukvr/7Jyya5U1mSy1uaEp8xsyh1/aa0b69b47c99c6c82b9152ea13666781/New_Mobile_App-widget.png)

Did you know the Gemini Mobile App also has a __Pricing Widget__ built-in? You can see all our markets in or out of the app. To add the pricing widget on your device, go to the ‘Today’ View on iOS or ‘Widgets’ on Android. 

__Dark Mode__

![New Mobile App-darkmode](//images.ctfassets.net/jg6lo9a2ukvr/3tqp1ZPndVLWxbp5RJQ4Fs/8642cc13ed8824abe3cc0d2ed21a3ed9/New_Mobile_App-darkmode.png)

The Gemini Mobile App now also offers __Dark Mode__ support. Some want it to explore crypto at night. Some want it for accessibility reasons, and some want it because they like it. Whatever your reasons, Dark Mode on the Gemini Mobile App is here!

We are excited that our mobile app offers our customers the ability to buy, sell, and store cryptocurrency wherever and whenever you want. Download it at the [Apple App Store](https://geminiexchange.app.link/asqoQTdaY0) or [Google Play Store](https://geminiexchange.app.link/asqoQTdaY0).

Onward and Upward, 

Marcus Skala, Head of Design Technology 


New Enhancements to the Gemini Mobile App

The Lightning Network is a Layer 2 solution that allows you to create micropayment channels with other Bitcoiners. It allows instant and trustless peer-to-peer transacting while limiting the amount of data needed on-chain. You can read more about how it works in our post [here](https://www.gemini.com/blog/breaking-down-the-bitcoin-lightning-network-eltoo).

Any two individuals on the Lightning Network can transact without needing a direct payment channel open with one-another. The sender does not directly pay the intended recipient; instead, they pay a user with whom they _do_ have a channel open. That user sends a payment to another such user, and so on until the intended recipient receives their payment.

But why are users along the way incentivized to help the sender route the payment, and how does the sender make sure these users can’t steal any of the Bitcoin intended for the recipient? The answer is with **H**ashed **T**ime **L**ocked **C**ontracts ([HTLCs](https://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf)), which I will explore in this post.

**HTLCs and Routing Payments**

HTLCs are a clever way to trustlessly route payments in the Lightning Network. As the name suggests, they involve hashes, timelocks, and function as a contract between users in the Lightning Network.

Alice, Bob, and Charlie each run a lightning node. Alice has a channel open with Bob, and Bob has a channel open with Charlie. Alice and Charlie do not have a channel open directly with one another.

![](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*A4cu-Hdh7qi8KSZC)
*Alice has a channel open with Bob, who also has one open with Charlie*

Alice wants to pay Charlie 1 bitcoin. The first thing Charlie does is create a secret number **_R_** that he does not share with anyone.

Charlie places **_R_** into a **_cryptographic hash function_** and records the output. In short, when you place a number into a hash function, it produces a unique output. The design goal of a hash function is such that if you have the output of a hash function, there’s no way to figure out what the input was.

Charlie takes the output of hashing **_R_**, we’ll call this new number **H**, and sends it to Alice. Note that Alice does not know **_R_** — she only knows **H**_,_ which conceals the value of **_R_**.

![](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*4YWNK1IAnURrL7EF)
*Charlie sends Alice H, the result of hashing his secret number R.*

The Lightning Network is named as such because while Alice and Charlie may not have a payment channel open directly with one-another, a route exists between them in the _network_ of users. Alice sees that a payment route to Charlie exists through Bob, so to pay Charlie, Alice must involve Bob.

Alice sends Bob a transaction for 1.1 bitcoin that Bob can redeem _if he finds out_ **_R_**.

![](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*1xfD4-HxFakNB1Dp)
*Alice sends Bob a signed transaction in their payment channel that would pay him 1.1 bitcoin if he can prove he knows R.*

She signs this transaction and sends it to Bob. At a high level, here’s what the new output might look like:

...
OP_IF

#Make sure the value provided equals H when hashed

OP_HASH160 H OP_EQUALVERIFY

OP_CHECKSIG # This branch only works if Bob signs it

OP_ELSE

#If Bob doesn't figure out R in X days, Alice can claim this

#output using her signature alone.

...

OP_ENDIF

OP_HASH160 H OP_EQUALVERIFY

This part of script:

1\. Takes whatever value you provide it

2\. Hashes it

3\. Pushes _H_, the concealed secret, onto the stack

4\. Compare H with the result of 2.

As you can see, only the secret Charlie knows, **_R_**, will make this part of the script work. Bob does not know **_R_**, so he has no way of claiming this 1.1 bitcoin for himself right now.

Bob knows that Charlie knows **_R_**, and he knows how much Alice promised to pay Charlie. Bob, who has a channel open directly with Charlie, creates the **same kind of transaction with Charlie!**

![](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/0*60WJJVzVHxkWhaYC)
*Bob sends Charlie a signed transaction in their payment channel that would pay him 1 bitcoin if he proves he knows R.*

Once again, the locking script on Bob’s signed transaction might look like:

…  
OP\_IF  
#Make sure the value provided equals H when hashed  
OP\_HASH160 H OP\_EQUALVERIFY  
OP\_CHECKSIG # This branch only works if CHARLIE signs it  
OP\_ELSE  
#If Charlie doesn’t claim this in X days, Bob can claim this  
#output using his signature alone.  
  …  
OP\_ENDIF

Instead of being for 1.1 bitcoin, Bob signs a transaction that will give 1 bitcoin of Bob’s own money to Charlie _if Charlie knows_ **_R_**.

When Charlie sees that the amount Bob’s transaction would pay him is the amount he expected to receive from Alice, he signs a transaction claiming that output. As we have seen, to claim the output Bob created, you must provide **_R_** as an input to your transaction. **Because the Bitcoin blockchain is public, when Charlie publishes his transaction claiming the output, he has revealed _R_ to the world!**

Bob, seeing Charlie has published a transaction claiming the output he created, finds **_R_** from the _witness_ (also called the _unlocking script_) Charlie used to claim the output. Having **_R_**, Bob can now claim the 1.1 Bitcoin from the output Alice created.

**What happened here?**

In the end, Alice pays Bob 1.1 bitcoin, and Bob pays Charlie 1.0 Bitcoin. The extra .1 bitcoin that Bob keeps is the reason he agrees to help Alice in the first place: he earns a _fee_ in routing the transaction. Whenever someone wants to pay someone else on the Lightning Network, they must account for a small fee that every node collects along the way.

Charlie will only claim the output from Bob if it is for the amount Alice promised him. If Bob sneakily tried to net _half_ of Alice’s bitcoin by sending Charlie a transaction that would only give him .5 bitcoin by revealing **_R_**, Charlie would simply not reveal **_R_**.

The pursuit of **_R_** is why nodes are invested in routing Alice’s payment to her intended recipient successfully. When **_R_** is publicly visible on the blockchain, it can mean only one thing: Charlie was paid in full. When that happens, all the users along the way can claim their output entitling them to a small fee.

For simplicity, this example assumes everyone claims their bitcoin by closing their payment channels. In reality, Charlie could reveal **_R_** directly to Bob, who could then show Alice he knows **_R_** as well. Alice, seeing that Bob knows **_R_** (which means Charlie can claim his money at any point), could then send Bob a new transaction for 1.1 bitcoin in their payment channel without any strings attached. Bob could then do the same with Charlie for 1 bitcoin. All three of them can keep their payment channels open this way, and have less clutter on the Bitcoin blockchain whenever they decide to publish the transactions.

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

How do payments make their way across the Bitcoin Lightning Network?

The Lightning Network is a Layer 2 solution that allows you to create micropayment channels with other Bitcoiners. It allows instant and trustless peer-to-peer transacting while limiting the amount of data needed on-chain.

In this post, I break down exactly how it works, as well as a newly proposed update protocol within it called **_eltoo_** (named after _L2_).

### Unidirectional Channels

Say you want to start such a channel with Netflix. First, you create a **funding transaction**, which is you locking up a certain amount of your money that you are willing to pay to Netflix (but have not yet paid them).

Say you fund this transaction with 10 Bitcoin and publish it on the Bitcoin blockchain. After being mined, this funding transaction can be spent by a 2-of-2 multisig consisting of your’s and Netflix’s keys.

As Netflix starts streaming you bytes of video, you start streaming them money — say .000001 Bitcoin per minute of video — via partially signed transactions that spend this funding transaction.

Using the funding transaction as input, you create two new outputs: one sending .000001 to Netflix, and the other 9.999999 to you. You sign this transaction and share it with Netflix off-chain (that is, without attempting to publish it to the Bitcoin blockchain). This transaction is considered “partially signed” because it only contains one of the two signatures necessary to spend.

When Netflix receives this partially-signed transaction, they are in control. Netflix can choose to claim that .000001 Bitcoin immediately, and in the process send the remaining 9.999999 Bitcoin back to you, by adding their signature to the partially signed transaction and publishing it. This is considered _closing the channel_ or a _settlement_.

Instead, Netflix will continue streaming you video so long as you keep providing larger partially signed transactions every minute.   
After another minute, you send Netflix another partially signed transaction using the same funding transaction as the input. This new partially signed transaction would send .000002 Bitcoin to Netflix (to reflect the two minutes of watch time), and 9.999998 Bitcoin to you. You keep doing this every minute.

With unidirectional payment channels, there’s no possibility of cheating. If you stop sending Netflix partially signed transactions every minute for higher amounts each time, Netflix will stop streaming you video. They will sign the most recent partially signed transaction you sent them (which entitles them to the most Bitcoin), publish it, and thus close the channel.

Furthermore, there’s no risk of anyone publishing an “outdated” transaction. Netflix is the only one capable of spending any of the partially signed transactions (since Netflix has your signatures, but you don’t have any of theirs), and every newer partially signed transaction you send Netflix is strictly better for them than any older one. Netflix can only cheat _itself_ by publishing an earlier transaction.

When money flows in both directions, this gets trickier. Both parties can publish transactions, so incentives exist to publish an outdated transaction.

### The Problem with Bidirectional Channels

By not publishing this transaction, Bob keeps their channel open. He later agrees to pay Alice .3 BTC for a painting.

If Bob sends Alice a partially signed transaction that uses the funding transaction as its input, they will each be in possession of a different, yet valid, spend of the same funding transaction. Transactions have no expiration date in Bitcoin, so their transactions will be valid forever.

It doesn’t matter if they keep sending partially signed transactions back and forth for other goods and services. Either of them can act maliciously by publishing any earlier transaction that entitled them to more Bitcoin, thereby closing the channel, and making all other signed transactions invalid.

Bidirectional channels need a way to _invalidate outdated transactions_ so that only the _most_ _recent_ _signed transaction_ can be used to close the channel. That’s where _eltoo_ comes in.

### eltoo

Though LN-Penalty works today, it has problems. Besides its complexity, edge cases exist where it risks accidentally penalizing an honest user. [_eltoo_](https://blockstream.com/eltoo.pdf)  is not yet usable because it relies on a proposed signature scheme [**_SIGHASH\_NOINPUT_**](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0118.mediawiki)  which has yet to be adopted, but because it is not penalty-based, there’s no risk of losing your funds.

In eltoo, the two parties create the funding transaction denoted by **Setup** in the diagram below. The funding transaction could contain Bitcoin from both parties, because we anticipate money flowing in both directions.

![](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*USwvkUzr2-EHHkImnYz6gw.png)

Each circle represents a transaction output. Diagram from the eltoo whitepaper.

Before signing the funding transaction, Alice and Bob first sign a _settlement transaction_ (**Ts,0** in the above diagram) which refunds the Bitcoin in the funding transaction to each appropriate party. In eltoo, the term “settlement transaction” describes any transaction that distributes funds back to the participants, rather than to a multisig output that they both control.

After they sign the first settlement transaction, the parties can safely sign the funding transaction. The locking script for the funding transaction looks as follows:

![](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/800/1*uwZjVnlT4wPXjWHP11YXyw.png)

Locking script for the funding transaction, and any other update transaction. Image from the eltoo whitepaper.

There are two ways to spend the funding transaction: one in the _IF_ branch, and one in the _ELSE_ branch. These two branches rely on two separate sets of keys: the _IF_ branch requires _settlement keys_, and the _ELSE_ branch requires _update keys_. The two parties, Alice and Bob, each control one key from both sets of keys.

You’ll notice that the settlement branch of this locking script contains **10 OP\_CSV** (short for **_OP\_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY_**) as its first instruction. Any transaction attempting to spend this funding transaction by unlocking the _IF_ branch can only do so if 10 blocks have passed from when the funding transaction entered the blockchain. If Alice and Bob exchanged signatures for the settlement transaction, then published the funding transaction to the Bitcoin blockchain, then published that settlement transaction, it would take 10 blocks before their settlement transaction could be mined to give them control of their respective funds.

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

Breaking Down the Bitcoin Lightning Network: eltoo

Last month, we upgraded our wallet infrastructure that handles Bitcoin transactions, which delivered major improvements to our customers. This was the completion of a year-long effort to support new cryptocurrencies, improve customer experience, and adopt best practices for network usage. We wanted to share more about our overall wallet infrastructure project and the decisions made along the way.

Our team custom-built the first Gemini wallet — a safe, secure wallet and signing infrastructure — around market conditions in 2014. As the market evolved so did our needs: we needed software capable of supporting a fee market, multiple networks, and multiple cryptocurrencies.

We sought out new tools and partnered with [Chris Stewart](https://twitter.com/Chris_Stewart_5), the developer of bitcoin-s, to add support for each of our target cryptocurrencies. In 2018, we launched support for Zcash, Litecoin, and Bitcoin Cash using a more robust, modernized crypto wallet infrastructure.

After debuting these new cryptocurrencies on Gemini, we turned our focus to migrating Bitcoin.

As part of the upgrades this year, we introduced support for Segregated Witness (SegWit) addresses and transaction batching. As our customers may have noticed this means that SegWit addresses — which begin with _bc1_ — can now be used for Bitcoin deposits and withdrawals. Both of these improvements required end-to-end integration through our online and offline signing systems (along with many other efforts).

Our decisions about SegWit and batching were not made lightly. Building trust in cryptocurrencies as an asset class — and in Gemini as a platform — motivates every product choice we make. This is especially true of changes that affect our end customer’s experience, as these wallet updates do.

**Understanding SegWit**

The SegWit protocol update, which activated in late 2017, changed the way information is stored and processed on the Bitcoin blockchain.

SegWit allows digital signature information to be stored separately (or _segregated_) from its transaction data. Without signatures, Bitcoin transactions weigh around 30–40 percent less, thus taking up less “block space” on the network and reducing the transaction fee. As block space is limited, any decrease in transaction size allows for more transactions per block and greater overall throughput in the network.

Our choice to use native SegWit addresses was based on block space savings as well as safety concerns. Specifically, native SegWit addresses work _only_ on the Bitcoin blockchain — they do not work for other cryptocurrencies. On the other hand, however, cryptocurrencies other than bitcoin can be sent to a legacy (non-native SegWit) address, which can cause loss of funds. Some other Bitcoin exchanges and custodians have offered partial SegWit support (withdrawals and legacy P2SH-style addresses) since early 2018, but **_Gemini is the first major exchange to launch full support of SegWit_**, complete with native SegWit deposit addresses. We think it’s the right time to make this change, though there will still be some growing pains. Notably, while some block explorers are capable of tracking native SegWit addresses, the support varies widely from one solution to another.

These considerations, among many others, factored into Gemini’s decisions about when and how to launch SegWit support.

**Realizing the Benefits**

Our team views SegWit as a positive step forward for crypto and the broader **_future of money_**. As SegWit’s use, support, and adoption grows, it will help reduce fees, wait times, and network congestion. Critically, SegWit transactions lay the groundwork for more advanced technologies; of which the Lightning network is the most well known.

We believe SegWit will become the standard, and in doing so, will create extensive benefits for all participants on the Bitcoin network.

Given the level of community adoption — and ecosystem support — we now recommend that all Gemini customers move to using SegWit addresses. After extensive testing and development, we know that launching SegWit support is the right decision for our customers at the right time. Start using SegWit addresses (or [click here](https://exchange.gemini.com/deposit/btc) to make one) to support our mission and our commitment to building a better Bitcoin experience and the **_future of money_**.

Onwards and Upwards,

Brian KimJohnson, Software Engineer

Gemini Upgrades Wallet with Full Support of SegWit

Core to Gemini’s mission of **_building the future of money_** is our belief that humans and machines must be able to buy and sell the value tokens (e.g., bitcoin, ether, etc.) that power the blockchain revolution at the speed of the traditional financial system (and beyond).

All of our customers — be they individuals, institutions, or machines (e.g., self-driving cars, Internet of Things, etc.) — require a high-performance trading experience. Meeting the speed and connectivity expectations of our customers is essential to the success of both our business and the broader cryptocurrency revolution. A best-in-class infrastructure, including one that is safe, secure, and high performing helps Gemini meet the standards established by traditional financial markets.

Microseconds matter to our customers, and Gemini is continually breaking down speed barriers without compromising stability and reliability. Recent enhancements equip us with a fast, trusted, and resilient framework for meeting the exacting demands of the international financial markets.

**Adapting for Speed**

Like most startups, Gemini originated in an AWS (Amazon Web Services) infrastructure. This approach allowed for fast development and iteration without the overhead of running a proprietary data center.

Our first iteration in AWS was focused on proving out the components needed for us to operate appropriately as both an exchange and custodian. Excellence during this first generation focused on operational stability and security to build trust with our customers, who were a mix of individual and institutional investors.

As Gemini grew, we focused on providing our institutional customers the same high-grade platform that fits within the toolset that professional traders are accustomed to. We did not believe institutional investors should have to trade cryptocurrencies differently than they trade equities, options, or commodities.

Reaching that kind of performance required us to shift our infrastructure to a lower latency model with higher-power systems capable of executing trades in microseconds.

To make that possible, we opted to locate our infrastructure within the financial services data center hub located in Equinix’s NY5 facility in Secaucus, New Jersey in the summer of 2017. This makes us the **_world’s first and only_** crypto exchange powered from NY5 — arming us with new reach, scale, and a trusted framework for doing business with global institutions.

**Direct Connectivity**

Our infrastructure is consistent with the connectivity mechanisms and protocols already in use by institutional traders. We built our infrastructure to be capable of accepting direct physical connections into our networks for trading leveraging the Financial Information eXchange (FIX) protocol and high-speed matching engines.

Offering direct physical connections means that customers also located in the Equinix NY5 campus can request cross connects to our customer network edge with just a single hop to their market data, order entry, and drop copy sessions. We are also connecting to financial services extranets such as [BT Radianz](https://www.globalservices.bt.com/en/aboutus/news-press/gemini-joins-the-bt-radianz-cloud-community) to more seamlessly integrate into connectivity that institutions likely already have.

Gemini also offers redundant connections to institutional customers and an option to connect to our disaster recovery (DR) site in Chicago. These options are standard on any regulated financial exchange, and Gemini is no different.

**Scale for the Future**

**Product**, **Security**, **Licensing**, and **Compliance** are the four pillars of Gemini. Our commitment to Product means that as we focus on building trust and rules for the crypto asset class, we will also need to build infrastructure that will scale to the future of money.

Since our infrastructure changes last year, we have been measuring execution time in microseconds rather than milliseconds. In 2019, we hope to measure even faster speeds as we continue to enhance the trading experience for all of our customers.

Onwards and Upwards,

Team Gemini

When Microseconds Matter: Powering Gemini for High-Speed Performance

In August 2017, we migrated our trading platform to our own hardware in Equinix’s premier NY5 data center in Secaucus, New Jersey.

Since then, trade execution on our exchange has achieved **_latency to the microseconds_**. Additionally, we are the **_only digital asset exchange in the world_** **_to offer customers the ability to_** **_cross connect directly to our trading infrastructure_** — matching the sophistication of major global equities and derivatives exchanges. No other digital asset exchange in the world offers this caliber of world-class performance and our breadth of connectivity options.

As we continue to grow and enhance our infrastructure, we are constantly listening to our customers and implementing your functionality requests. As such, we proudly share these new API features we have now released.

We currently offer three different protocols to connect to our trading system: [REST API](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/), [WebSockets API](https://docs.gemini.com/websocket-api/), and [FIX](https://docs.gemini.com/fix-api/). The REST and WebSockets APIs are available over the public Internet whereas a FIX connection will require a cross connect in our data center.

Our latest enhancements:

*   **FIX Third Party Support for Order Management Systems (OMS)** — We added FIX third party support for OMS/OEMS (order execution management system) and are working with a number of OMS providers to expand their access to our exchange. If you are an OMS provider and would like to work with us, please email [BizDev@gemini.com](mailto:BizDev@gemini.com).
*   **Block Trading API (REST/FIX) **— We launched Gemini Block Trading™ in April 2018 with FIX/REST API support and released Block limit orders via our [UI](https://exchange.gemini.com/signin). Gemini Block Trading™ enables our customers to buy and sell large quantities of digital assets outside of Gemini’s continuous order books, creating an additional mechanism to source liquidity when trading in greater size. For more information, please see our [Marketplace page](https://gemini.com/fees/marketplace#introduction), [API Document](https://docs.gemini.com/block-trading/), and [blog post](https://www.gemini.com/blog/introducing-gemini-block-trading).
*   **FIX Connectivity** — We partnered with [Beeks Financial Cloud](https://www.beeksfinancialcloud.com/cryptocurrency-hosting) to greatly expand the FIX connectivity options we provide.
*   **REST Endpoint Transfer History** — You can now view the transfer history for all deposits and withdrawals for your USD and digital assets. This was a highly requested feature — you spoke and we listened! Click [here](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/#transfers) for more details.
*   **Performance Improvements** — We continue to improve our data center to reduce latency while ensuring predictable processing times under heavy loads. Our continuous improvements to our [API Documents](https://docs.gemini.com/) enhance the usability of our API, including, new detailed Python examples.
*   **Coming soon** — Our June API features will include read-only access to private orders and trades (another top customer request), the market data WebSockets API will offer top of book and let you filter by entry type to get only the updates you want, and we’ll provide the reason why some orders get canceled.

Finally, we want to hear from you! Gemini’s mission is to build the future of money, and we rely on your ongoing feedback and partnerships to best tailor our improvements and achieve our mission.

If you have an API feature request or feedback on our API documentation, please drop us a line at: [apifeedback@gemini.com](mailto:apifeedback@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

Low Latency Performance and API Improvements

As part of our mission to continue to improve and expand our platform, we are excited to launch Gemini Block TradingTM, a fully electronic block trading facility. Block Trading enables our customers to buy and sell large quantities of digital assets outside of Gemini’s continuous order books, creating an additional mechanism to source liquidity when trading in greater size. Gemini Block TradingTM will go live at 9:30am ET on **Thursday April 12th.**

**Here’s how it works:** Any customer can place a block order that specifies: (i) buy or sell, (ii) quantity, (iii) minimum required fill quantity, (iv) and a price limit (the “Indication of Interest”). Market makers only receive quantity, minimum quantity, and the collar price — they _do not_ receive any other information (i.e., side, price limit, etc.) related to the block order. If a market maker agrees to “make a market” that satisfies the Indication of Interest, the block order will be filled. To learn more, please see our [Marketplace page](https://gemini.com/fees/marketplace#introduction). To participate as a market maker in Gemini Block TradingTM or for further information, please contact [bizdev@gemini.com](mailto:BizDev@gemini.com).

In accordance with our commitment to an equitable, transparent, and rules-based marketplace, block orders will be electronically broadcast to participating market makers simultaneously, ensuring best execution and price discovery for those participating in the program. Block orders do not interact with our continuous or auction order books. Trade information will be published via our market data feeds ten minutes following the execution of a block trade.

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

Gemini Block Trading is now live! Buy, sell, and trade large amounts of cryptocurrency today.

Gemini Block trading is live! Buy and sell large quantities of Bitcoin and more

Introducing Gemini Block Trading

Gemini is proud to announce the successful first settlement of January expiry Bitcoin Futures, which trade on the Cboe Futures Exchange, LLC (CFE) under the ticker “XBT” ([contract specifications](https://cfe.cboe.com/cfe-products/xbt-cboe-bitcoin-futures/contract-specifications) | [fact sheet](https://cfe.cboe.com/products/bitcoin-qrg.pdf)).

The settlement price was $10,900.00, as determined by Gemini’s 4pm Eastern Time BTCUSD auction, in which 616.86 bitcoin traded — a notional value of $6.72m USD.

Cboe Global Markets, Inc. (Cboe), one of the world’s largest exchange holding companies, and Gemini Trust Company, LLC (Gemini), the world’s most regulated digital asset exchange and custodian, partnered to launch the first-ever bitcoin futures contract on December 10, 2017. Since inception, over 124,000 contracts have traded across expiries, representing a notional value of over $1.5bn USD.

Ed Tilly, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Cboe, stated: “This is an encouraging initial milestone, and we look forward to working with customers to power the growth of this nascent market.”

Please visit our website to learn more about [Gemini auctions](https://gemini.com/fees/marketplace#introduction), accessing our [APIs and consuming Gemini market data](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/), and our [institutional offering](https://gemini.com/institutions/), including cross-connects to our matching engine. Please Visit Cboe’s website to learn more about [XBT futures](https://cfe.cboe.com/cfe-products/xbt-cboe-bitcoin-futures) and [Quote Vendor Symbols](http://cfe.cboe.com/trade-cfe/quote-vendor-symbols/xbt-cboe-bitcoin-futures).

Onward and Upward!

Team Gemini

Successful First Settlement of Bitcoin Futures

Since the “hard fork” on August 1st, 2017, we have been monitoring the situation closely. Currently, Gemini **_does not_** support trading or withdrawals of the newly forked chain (BCC / BCH / BCash). As we first [wrote](https://gemini.com/blog/information-related-to-geminis-policy-on-an-upcoming-chain-split/) on March 20th, 2017, and later updated on July 26, 2017, we will make _every effort_ to support withdrawals for the chain with less total difficulty (in this case BCC). As a result, we are currently working on a technical implementation for a one-time withdrawal of BCC for our customers. With that said, any modifications we make to our digital asset storage system (including support for a one-time withdrawal), are made with extreme caution and require extensive security review to ensure the integrity of our customers’ assets. We appreciate your patience and understanding as we take the next few weeks to build this functionality in a safe, secure, and responsible manner. We will post material updates when we have them.

If you have any questions, please contact Gemini customer support at [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini 

UPDATE: Bitcoin Hard Fork / Bitcoin Cash

We launched our first daily [bitcoin](https://gemini.com/prices/bitcoin "Bitcoin Price Page") auction on September 21, 2016. Encouraged by its success and ability to match buyers and sellers at a single moment of the day, we launched an East Asian Timezone daily auction on March 21, 2017. We would now like to offer the same kind of price discovery we have facilitated for bitcoin traders over the past year for ether traders. As a result, we will be launching a daily 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time [**_ether auction_**](https://gemini.com/prices/ethereum "Ether Price Page") starting on Friday, July 28, 2017! The mechanics will be the same as our bitcoin auctions; please see [https://gemini.com/marketplace/#auction](https://gemini.com/marketplace/#auction) for details.

Daily auctions are universally implemented by traditional asset exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq, and Bats. They increase price discovery and transparency, and they reduce costs across the board by making sure that buyers and sellers don’t miss each other during the trading day. In addition, we are confident that our Auction will bring you the benefits of over-the-counter (OTC) trading without the overhead, hassle, and lack of transparency.

#### How Do Auctions Benefit Gemini Customers?

Auctions aim to facilitate high volumes of trading between customers at a fair price by matching the maximum quantity to be bought and sold. Auctions provide the following benefits to our customers:

*   **Greater Price Discovery**: Auctions focus market participants and economic information at a single moment in the day, resulting in better price discovery.
*   **Deeper Liquidity**: Execute larger trades with less market price impact or “slippage.” Because Auctions are at a single moment in the day, more buyers and sellers are able to converge and provide more liquidity on both sides of the market.
*   **Mark-to-Market Benchmark Price:** Auctions provide an official 4:00 p.m. ET end-of-day price for marking assets to market (e.g., for accounting purposes or for calculating returns).
*   **Instant Settlement:** Auction trades settle immediately and funds are ready for immediate transfer (unlike OTC trades that can require phone calls, emails, specialized paperwork, risk during funds transfer, etc.).
*   **No Counterparty Risk:** Auction trades settle immediately from pre-funded accounts, eliminating the risk that your counterparty will back out of a trade (unlike OTC trades which are typically not pre-funded).

#### How Do Auctions Work?

All eligible orders are filled at the _final auction price_. The _final auction price_ of each Auction is determined by finding the price at which the greatest aggregate buy demand and aggregate sell demand from all participating orders can be filled (i.e., the price at which the largest quantity can trade). The mechanics of this auction are very similar to the closing auction (or “closing cross”) on the major electronic U.S. stock exchanges (e.g., Nasdaq, NYSE Arca, Bats). For a more detailed discussion, please see our [Marketplace](https://gemini.com/marketplace/) page.

#### How Can You Participate in Auctions?

Easy! Customers can enter Auction-Only (AO) Market and Auction-Only (AO) Limit Orders to buy or to sell beginning well before the Auction time.

Beginning 10 minutes before the Auction time, _indicative auction prices_ are broadcast via both our market data API and our website frontend. A new _indicative auction price_ is calculated every minute until the Auction time, based on the order book at that time, and every 15 seconds during the final minute. (These indicative prices are calculated by simulating the auction process for the order books if Auction were to occur at that time.)

#### How to Buy or Sell Large Quantities in Gemini’s Daily Auctions:

Leading up to auction, liquidity providers place Auction-Only Orders on both the bid side and offer side of the market . These liquidity providers often compete for greater influence in the auction by tightening these spreads. That ultimately benefits all Auction participants.

These liquidity providers also monitor the _indicative auction prices_. If they observe new liquidity demands in a particular Auction, they stand ready to modify their own Auction-Only Orders in order to facilitate liquidity demands. If you want to buy or sell a large quantity during one of the Auctions, we therefore recommend that you submit it approximately 10 minutes before the Auction time. This will give liquidity providers time to respond and to give your order access to increased liquidity.

#### Questions?

If you have any questions regarding Auction mechanics or the benefits that Auction may provide you, please check out our [Marketplace](https://gemini.com/marketplace/) page for a detailed description, or contact [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

Introducing Daily Ether Auctions

Gemini now offers three different protocols to connect to our trading system: [REST API](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/), [WebSockets API](https://docs.gemini.com/websocket-api/), and [FIX](https://docs.gemini.com/fix-api/). The REST and WebSockets APIs are available over the public Internet whereas FIX connections require a cross-connect in our data center.

Our public market data API, which includes trades and order book information, has been available over both REST and WebSocket APIs. Now, you can also **_access your private order status information_** over WebSockets (see the section on [Order Events](https://docs.gemini.com/websocket-api/#order-events)). This should prove to be much more efficient than the REST protocol for all of our automated traders, since order status updates and other events are pushed to you rather than requiring you to continually poll for updates.

This idea had been in our development queue for some time, but our recent hangout with the WhaleClub bitcoin trading community ([WhaleClub Hangout 33: Gemini](https://youtu.be/XGPFaaMXiOU)) reinforced just how helpful this feature could be to our customers. If you have ideas for new API features, please send a note to [institutional@gemini.com](mailto:institutional@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward,

Team Gemini

New WebSockets API

Two weeks ago we made an [announcement](https://gemini.com/blog/update-ether-classic-withdrawals/) regarding our ongoing work to allow withdrawal of ETC (Ether Classic or ETHC) for customers who had ether balances at the time of the “Hard Fork,” as well as customers who have deposited ETC into their Gemini accounts since the “Hard Fork.”

We are pleased to announce that as of **Friday, August 12, 2016**, Gemini will allow all customers with ETC balances to withdraw their assets. To check your ETC balance and initiate a withdrawal, please contact customer support [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com). If you choose to initiate an ETC withdrawal, **_you must transfer the entirety_** of your available balance. Your withdrawal request should be processed within five business days.

Although we do not currently have plans to open matching engines for ETC trading, we will continue to update our customers as the ETC situation evolves further.

Thank you for your patience and understanding throughout the implementation of this feature. If you have any questions, please contact [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward!

UPDATE #2: Ether Classic Withdrawals

Due to the developing interest in ETC (Ether Classic or ETHC), we at Gemini would like to keep you informed of our ongoing work to best address the implications of the Ethereum “Hard Fork” which occurred on July 20, 2016 at 13:20:40 UTC. At this time, withdrawals of ether from Gemini exist only on the “Hard Fork” ETH branch and not on the ETC branch. We have not yet decided whether to open matching engines for ETC trading.

Our engineers are actively investigating the implications to customers who had ether balances on Gemini at the time of the “Hard Fork,” and to customers who have intentionally or unintentionally deposited Ether Classic into their Gemini accounts after the “Hard Fork.”

Thank you for your patience and support. We’ll be sure to keep you informed with additional blog posts as the situation evolves. If you have any questions, please contact [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward!

UPDATE: Ether Classic and the Ethereum “Hard Fork”

_(UPDATE 7/20/16 12:30 PM EDT: The “Hard Fork” appears to have succeeded; ETH deposits and withdrawals have been re-enabled.)_

Beginning at midnight EDT on Tuesday, July 19, 2016 (Wednesday, July 20, 2016 at 04:00 UTC), Gemini will temporarily disable all ether deposits and withdrawals in advance of the forthcoming Ethereum “Hard Fork.” For more details on the technology behind this event, please see the recent [blog post](https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/07/15/to-fork-or-not-to-fork/)from the Ethereum Foundation.

We will resume allowing ether deposits and withdrawals after the “Hard Fork” has been resolved, which is anticipated to be sometime Thursday, July 21 (EDT). Gemini users may still trade ether on our ETH/USD and ETH/BTC matching engines while ether deposits and withdrawals are temporarily disabled.

If you have any questions, please contact Gemini customer support at [support@gemini.com](mailto:support@gemini.com).

Onward and Upward!

Ethereum “Hard Fork”: Modified Exchange Operations

#### FIX API

We built our current [JSON-based API](https://docs.gemini.com/) primarily for customers who are already familiar with trading on Bitcoin exchanges. But there are plenty of traders who trade on markets all over the world but aren’t familiar with the world of Bitcoin and simply aren’t able or willing to connect to an exchange over the public internet. So to help a whole new class of individuals and institutions enter the Bitcoin ecosystem and trade Bitcoin even faster, we’re now offering support for the [FIX protocol](https://docs.gemini.com/fix-api/).

If you’d like to connect with FIX, please email us at [hello@gemini.com](mailto:hello@gemini.com). We’ll get you set up with an IPSec VPN into our [Sandbox environment](https://exchange.sandbox.gemini.com/register), so you can test your trading software and complete our FIX certification process. Full documentation is available in draft form at [https://docs.gemini.com/fix-api](https://docs.gemini.com/fix-api/). Once you’re certified, to use FIX for trading you’ll need to [connect directly](https://docs.gemini.com/fix-api/#connecting) to our datacenter in Secaucus, New Jersey via co-location cross-connect, extranet, or private line Ethernet.

We’ve heard some requests to use a FIX API over the public internet. However, our security, infrastructure, and engineering teams all agreed that that was an awkward (and potentially insecure) use of the protocol. So to accommodate users on the public internet, we’re also working on improving our JSON-based API, as you’ll see below. If you have any questions or comments, please don’t hesitate to send us an email at [hello@gemini.com](mailto:hello@gemini.com).

#### WEBSOCKETS STREAMING MARKET DATA

If you’re an JSON-based API user, there’s no need to constantly query for the latest order book and trade information anymore. We now offer [WebSockets](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/#streaming-market-data)for streaming market data of our public order book and the latest trades on Gemini. This makes it easier to keep an accurate and up-to-date view of our order book. Please see our documentation for more information:

[https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/#streaming-market-data](https://docs.gemini.com/rest-api/#streaming-market-data)

Or check out a [live demo](https://jsfiddle.net/9sutecyv/). Please test it out and let us know if you have any questions or feedback at [hello@gemini.com](mailto:hello@gemini.com).

We Now Offer a FIX API and Support WebSockets

We are writing to clarify our policies and procedures around market disruptions, and to address the large market buy order that was placed by a customer on the evening of Friday, November 13th, 2015. This single order drove up the price per bitcoin on Gemini to as high as $2,200.00 (i.e., ~$1,800.00 dollars above the then current market price), and after careful consideration, it was subsequently reversed. Upon making our determination, we immediately alerted all counterparties involved and have been working diligently to ensure the most equitable resolution possible. We have also been working on building and implementing a strategy to prevent and help mitigate similar situations in the future. It has been no small undertaking, and we greatly appreciate your patience, apologize for any inconvenience and for the delay in our response communication, and understand how some may disagree with our decision. With that said, in an effort to be as transparent as possible, we will outline why we decided to unwind this trade, what we are doing to prevent this from happening in the future, and what customers can expect in the event something like this happens again.

#### GUIDELINES FOR TRADE REVERSALS

There are a number of situations which can cause markets to do unusual things — these can include, but are not limited to, a fat-finger order, an algorithm run amok, or a software bug. It’s difficult to give hard and fast rules for each of these scenarios, many of which can be grey areas; however, this particular case is fairly clear. The customer who placed this order made a trade that was empirically **_disruptive_** to an orderly market — in this case achieving a price of ~$2,200.00 or ~700% above the then current market price per bitcoin — representing a false and misleading view of the market. We did not base our decision on the _reason_ this order was placed (though we have no evidence to believe it was intentionally malicious), only whether or not it was disruptive. Our decision was also not based on _customer type_, although, since it has been asked, we will share that the customer was not an institution, not a special customer, but rather an regular individual customer just like many others on our platform.

While it is impossible to create guidelines for every potential situation, it is possible to make an affirmative statement with respect to this specific class of erroneous trade. Small orders can be mistakes too, but most will not disrupt an orderly market. What exactly constitutes disruptive is not always entirely clear, but what happened Friday was clearly one of these examples.

#### OUR USER AGREEMENT

Because issues such as this one can arise in any marketplace from time to time, our User Agreement states the following:

> “We retain the right to enter pricing, order, and reconciliation adjustments as necessary and appropriate.”

> _(_See  **_Account Statements_** _section)_

> “We reserve the right to reverse and/or cancel one or more Orders in the event of (i) any disruption or malfunction in the operation of any electronic communications, trading facilities, storage facilities, recording mechanisms or other components of or integral to Gemini or of Digital Assets, or (ii) any other severe business disruption to Gemini, its systems or Digital Assets, where the nullification of transactions may be necessary for the maintenance of a fair and orderly market or the protection of you and the public interest.”

> _(_See  **_System Disruptions Or Malfunctions_** _section)_

Having the ability to adjust orders, handle clearly erroneous trades and the ability to halt or delay trades during a disruption to an orderly market are **_market safeguards that are neither exclusive nor unique to Gemini_**, but rather common practice among many well-established and regulated exchanges such as the [NYSE](http://blogs.barrons.com/stockstowatchtoday/2014/11/18/whoops-looks-like-a-fat-finger-caused-a-10-flash-crash-in-home-depot/) and [NASDAQ](http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/10/03/us-markets-nasdaq-kraft-idUSBRE89213H20121003#x6WDcRESOzDTbm47.97).

#### IMPLEMENTING PRE-TRADE CONTROLS

We will be implementing the following pre-trade controls in an effort to prevent similarly disruptive situations going forward. These include:

1.  Automatic cancellation of the remaining portion of any order that immediately moves the market price by more than **20%** in either direction; and
2.  The addition of a confirmation dialogue box that warns customers before placing any order that could potentially move the market price by more than **20%** in either direction

#### POST-TRADE ACTIONS

While we believe these new pre-trade controls will greatly help prevent problematic trades in the future, it is impossible to predict all potential corner cases that could be disruptive to an orderly marketplace (the very reason why exchanges employ the safeguards mentioned above). As a result, we are planning to take the following steps:

1.  For this event, we will be removing the record of these reversed trades from our market data API and the historical trade data on our website.
2.  If you were a party to this trade, we’ve already been in touch with you — you will still see a record of your portion of this trade and its reversal in your account history.
3.  Version 2.0 of our API is already in development and we will look to incorporate more specific detailed accounting for any future reversed trades.

We understand and have considered both sides of the bitcoin, so to speak, with respect to this issue and recognize that not everyone will agree with the actions we have taken. Unfortunately, no solution is perfect here. But when taking into account the relevant facts, we felt that reversing this trade was more in line with the spirit of what we intended when we set out to build Gemini — namely, a safe and secure marketplace for all customers to buy and sell bitcoin.

Onward and Upward,

Cameron and Tyler

Our Guidelines For Trade Reversals

We are excited to announce that Gemini has opened its doors to both individual and institutional customers. Trading officially begins on **Thursday, October 8th at 9:30 a.m EDT / 6:30 a.m. PDT.** If you haven’t done so already, you can create your account by going to the [Gemini homepage](https://gemini.com/) and clicking on “Create Your Account”.

Some of you may be wondering what we’ve been up to since we first announced our plans for Gemini on January 23, 2015. That’s a great question — we have been hard at work building the four pillars of our business:

**1) Product, 2) Security, 3) Licensing and 4) Compliance.**

So was it worth the wait? We think so. As a bitcoin exchange we don’t always have the ability to “fail fast” or the freedom to “hack” our way through product development, security or licensing. When you are dealing with money — especially other people’s money — you simply cannot assemble the rocket ship mid-flight.

Meeting the high-water mark of banking compliance is no small task, especially for a startup, but we felt that doing so was crucial — Bitcoin is an island right now, and if we are going to build a bridge to the financial mainland, then Gemini must look and feel as safe, secure, and compliant as any other top tier financial institution in the world. This includes, among other things, creating a robust [anti-money laundering (AML) program](https://gemini.com/legal/bsa-aml-program#bank), strong internal controls and procedures, a comprehensive [security program](https://gemini.com/security) and maintaining significant capital reserves.

In short, we take licensing and compliance _very_ seriously and think that asking for permission, rather than forgiveness is the right approach in this case — and we think our customers will agree. The end result is Gemini Trust Company LLC, a New York state limited liability trust company, which makes us a fiduciary, and allows us to accept both **individual** and **institutional** customers under New York Banking Law (unlike the BitLicense, which does not convey such fiduciary powers).

Initially, Gemini will be operating in [26 US states and in Washington, DC](https://gemini.com/areas-of-operation). We plan to expand our coverage area rapidly, so stay tuned.

Lastly, we speak for everyone on our team when we say that we couldn’t be more proud of what we’ve built over the past year and more excited to begin serving you, one Satoshi at a time.

Onward and Upward,

Cameron and Tyler

The Gemini Blog

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